GETTING BOOKS AND ARTICLES

1. START YOUR SEARCH WITH THE UNL LIBRARIES’ ONLINE CATALOG At http://iris.unl.edu. The online catalog can be accessed from on or off campus. You can search for books on a specific topic using a number of search strategies. There are two versions, "Encore" (use if you have a topic - the initial search is a keyword search) and the "Classic Catalog" (use if you have the title of a book or the name of an author or other specific information)

Use WorldCat to search for books on a topic in libraries throughout the world. Access from http://iris.unl.edu/ under E-Resources. Choose"W" and scroll down to WorldCat.

On the same Web page is a link to “E-Resources,” which can lead you to articles on a topic in journals, conference proceedings, and other sources. Browse categories of interest.

2. REQUEST MATERIALS. If as a result of your search you find a book, article, or conference proceeding, owned by the UNL Libraries, you may use the “Request” button on the right side of the screen to have the book sent to the library location of your choice.

Use the “Interlibrary Loan” (ILLiad) service to request an item if it is not available through the UNL Libraries. ILLiad is the electronic system to Request delivery of material. ILLiad allows you to do status checks and renewals of material borrowed through Interlibrary Loan.

First-time users must create a free ILLiad account. At any time you can check the status of your requests by logging into your Illiad account.

******Questions about ILLiad and your requests?******

Interlibrary Loan is staffed 8:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. (Central Time) Monday-FridayEmail: ill1@unlnotes.unl.edu 402-472-2522 (phone) 402-472-5131 (fax)

PERIODICAL INDEXES – HOW CAN I FIND AN ARTICLE ON A SPECIFIC TOPIC? SEARCH FOR ARTICLES. On the http://iris.unl.edu/ Web page is a link to “E-Resources,” which can lead you to indexes to articles on a topic in journals, conference proceedings, and other sources.

Browse categories of interest under “Search by Category,” for example:

• Engineering
• Civil Engineering
• Construction Management
• Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
• Computer Science, etc.

Listed below are SOME of the significant article indexes available through the UNL Libraries. You may access these indexes by selecting the “E-Resources” link in the online catalog. To find other article indexes browse the categories under “Search by Category”.

REMOTE ACCESS WITH YOUR NUID NUMBER. At http://iris.unl.edu/ when you click on a link to an e-resource, a logon screen will ask for your last name & NUID.Most journal article indexes/databases have a link such as "Request via ILL (ILLiad)," "Additional Resources," etc. that allows you to transfer citation data directly to make a request. Most of the indexes below have links for full text, when available at UNL, or links to request an article, conference paper, etc. and a link to RefWorks, UNL accessible citation management software.

WebBridge is the software interface that provides the “bridge” (resolver) between the database and the various access options for any given article. WebBridge also often has a link to RefWorks and will bridge the citation over to a record in your RefWorks account.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ARTICLE INDEXES

Web of Science. (Science Citation Index). Index of science and engineering journals. Find information about journals, authors and articles that are cited by other researchers.

Use "WebBridge” to link directly to the article in HTML or Pdf, if UNL has access. Otherwise WebBridge will give other options for getting the article.

Web of Science supplies the EndNote citation manager to every licensed user; it does not support RefWorks. However, you can save selected records to field tagged, file type plain text, then log into RefWorks and import the file specifying ISI as the data source and Web of Science as the database. Browse to find the text file you saved to your computer and click on Open, then Import. Your records should appear in the Last Imported Folder.

GENERAL ENGINEERING ARTICLE INDEX

Compendex Web/Ei Compendex Plus. Commands the entire spectrum of engineering, in depth, with abstracts from over 2,600 international journals, conference papers, technical reports, and more back to 1884. Updated weekly. “Full-text” link is not limited to what UNL patrons have access to. Use the link: “Additional Resources” for possible online access choices. Some will take you directly to the article record with a Pdf link to the online article.

Each search result set has an RSS feed link.

RefWorks: Select items, then “Download”. Select "RefWorks direct import" and click on Download. The export will open RefWorks if it is not already open and automatically import the references. Your records should appear in the Last Imported Folder. See E-Resources access screen for more information.

SELECTED SPECIALIZED ENGINEERING ARTICLE INDEXES

(View additional resources under the "Engineering" Category on the E-Resources screen)

SCIFINDER SCHOLAR. Integrated, user-friendly, point-and-click access to Chemical Abstracts Service databases. Use for any information needs regarding chemicals, materials, compositions of products, etc.

Buttons to the right of each citation link to the detailed record and either directly to the full text, or to options for obtaining the full text.

RefWorks – select citations from your search, Click Export from the right top of the search screen. Give it a file name. Specify tagged format and save it to your desktop. Log into your RefWorks account, choose “Import” under “References”, specify CAS Scifinder, then select Caplus, Medline, or Multiple as the database. Use the browse button under "Import data from the following Text File" to specify your file location and name. Click "Import." Records are in the Last Imported Folder.

INSPEC. Contains more than 4.7 million citations. Abstracts to worldwide literature of physics, electronics and electrical engineering, computing and control, and information technology. Primary coverage journal articles, conference proceedings, books, technical reports and dissertations. Use the built-in, online thesaurus to more precisely identify a research term as a designated subject heading in INSPEC and do a more precise search.

From the search results screen, the link to access options is “WebBridge”. If full text is available at UNL, there will be a “Linked Full Text” or “PDF Full Text” link under the citation that links directly to the article.

RefWorks: Add items to folder, click on “Folder View”, select them again, then click “Export”. Select the “Direct Export to RefWorks button, then click “Save”.

IEEE /IEE Electronic Library (IEL), IEEE Explore. Indexes, abstracts, and full-text of transactions, journals, magazines, conference proceedings and standards of the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.) and IEE (Institution of Electrical Engineers) publications back to 1988 with select content back to 1952.

There is a Full Text link under each citation.

No RefWorks link at this time, but you can select items, “view selected items”, then under “Download Citations” at left select ASCI text (*.txt), download, then import to RefWorks. Select RIS Format as the data source and IEEE/IEL as the database. See E-Resources access screen for more information.

METADEX. Materials science database. Coverage: raw materials, refining, processing, welding, fabrication, end use, corrosion, performance, recycling and more. Materials covered: all metals, polymers, ceramics and composites.

From search results screen, “Find UNL Full Text & Print” goes to options screen for obtaining article, and “Request Through ILL” goes directly to the ILLiad main screen.

RefWorks: Click in box to select items, and then click on the RefWorks button.

SEARCH TECHNIQUES

Truncation to Broaden Your Search

Use when there may be several forms of a word that are appropriate for the concept e.g. reduc* searches for reduce, reduction, reduces, reducing.Use a truncation symbol – check the database help screen to determine the truncation symbol to use e.g. *, #, $, ?

Phrase and Proximity Searching

Proximity Operator: Phrase Searching "mechanics of materials" (Check database help screen for treatment of stop words (such as "of").Proximity Operator: NEAR e.g. mechanics near materials.

Boolean Searching

AND - Use “AND” between two concepts to retrieve articles that contain both concepts e.g. mechanics AND materials.OR - Use “OR” between two words to retrieve articles that may contain one or the other words. Use OR if there are alternative words, (usually with similar meanings) to use to express a concept, e.g. computer AND (modeling OR simulation).NOT – Use “NOT” to eliminate articles that contain a specified concept or word. e.g. NOT (IEEE or IEE) to remove most duplicates from an INSPEC search when you are searching IEEE Explore as well.

Field Searching

Fields are designated parts of the bibliographic record for an article, e.g. title, author, abstract, journal title, subject, main heading, controlled term, descriptor and you can limit a search to only retrieve articles that have the search term in a specified field of the record for the article.

Basic Tips

Search a variety of types of information – researchers’ Web sites, technical reports, dissertations, conference proceedings, journal articles and books, etc.Use a variety of periodical indexes as appropriate for the topic and aspect of your research.

Formulate keywords for searching.Formulate a search statement using keywords, phrases, Boolean Logic, truncation and field searching.

Examine the set of results and modify your search statement and keywords and phrases to obtain more/better results – FOR EACH INDEX.

If your search results in too many or too few and not relevant results, use techniques to:

• Narrow (find fewer) a search or
• Broaden (find more) a search
• Make your search more precise.

REFWORKS

1. INTRODUCTION. RefWorks is a web-based bibliographic reference manager that can be accessed from any Mac or PC computer on or off campus by UNL affiliates. http://refworks.com/ or access from http://iris.unl.edu/

RefWorks FEATURES:
· Accessible anytime, nearly anywhere
· No special software required
· Compatible with multiple platforms, including Windows, Mac and Unix
· Easy to disseminate bibliographies online, or to collaboate with geographically disparate colleagues to create a bibliography
· Compatible with numerous online resources
· Upgrades automatically
· Compatible with non-roman characters (Japanese, Arabic, Chinese)

WHAT IT DOES:
· Helps you create the bibliographies for your papers
· Automatically formats your citations or references in Chicago, APA and other styles
· Creates a personal collection of reference sources
· Organizes and manages your citations
. Search for duplicates feature
. Sort citations and file citations into folders
. Add citations to multiple folders
· Imports citations from article databases, such as INSPEC, IEEE/IEE Electronic Library, SciFinder Scholar, Compendex, Google Scholar. Can customize so database and date appear on the citation record.
· Allows you to share references with groups, classmates and colleagues
· Uses the Write-N-Cite utility to pull citations into your paper as you type
· Keeps a database of index terms so user can search by author, keyword, and periodical indexes
· Has a global edit capability
· An individual may create more than one account

2.CREATE AN ACCOUNT
Select a log-in name and password. BE SURE TO SELECT YOUR USER TYPE AND FOCUS AREA – FOR UNL STATISTICS PURPOSESPersonalize your account. Under “Tools”, select “customize” to change user information.
IMPORTANT: CHANGE DEFAULT SOURCE TO ELECTRONIC
Accounts are portable after graduation. Under “Tools”, select “Backup/Restore” to save all of your files, then set up a new account at another location. Cost for a personal account is ~ $100, or your new affiliation may provide access. Advisable to backup once a month or more, in case you accidentally delete your citations. Space allocation: 1 gig per reference set3.

USE THE TOOLS
RefWorks Tutorial
Quick Start Guide
RefWorks FAQ
Instructions for Exporting from UNL Databases

4. BASIC REFWORKS RECORD
References are obtained by:
1. adding a new reference
2. importing a reference from a database
3. importing a reference from another citation manager. You can use the “Notes” field on the record to make annotations for reference organization, such as whether you have the paper, where it is, whether you have read it, ordered it through ILL, etc. (for imported records, click “Edit” from the reference list). Be sure to annotate on the record the following for full text articles from databases: DOI (digital object identifier), Database name, and retrieved date. These may be required by the citation style specified by your publisher. Always record the retrieved date and the title of the Web page when you view a Web site that you might ever be used in a citation. Always cite all sources, whether you find them on the Internet, or use a thought in a printed source, etc.

5. CREATE A FOLDER AFTER IMPORTING. From added or imported records, select items to go to specific folders. If a user deletes a folder, the references in the folder are not deleted, rather they go into the "references not in a folder" folder Pay attention to pop-up boxes - to avoid deleting references - do not automatically select OK or YES.

6. CREATE A BIBLIOGRAPHY
· Bibliography—Select Output style—“preview” will give examples if needed
· Format a bibliography from a list or folder
· Decide type of format html, text, Word· Select folder· Select “Create a Bibliography”
· Copy/Paste bibliography

7. RefShare —allows you to share your references. RefWorks creates a Web page with a PURL (Persistent URL). Under “Folders”, click “Share Folders”.
Uses of RefShare
· Post class reading lists on a central Web page
· Provide easy access to information for disparate researchers collaborating on a project
· Create and share databases of frequently-requested reference queries by topic
. Can post comments on references
· Provide a linkable database of research done by specific faculty members
· Publish an internal database of references for easy sharing within your community

BENEFITS OF RefShare
· Facilitate dissemination of information by having a central Web page for the posting and access of research information
· Provide collaborative research environment using the capabilities of easily accessible data via the Internet
· Enables the seamless sharing and exchange of information
· Allow easy transfer of information between RefWorks databases
· Centrally post frequently-needed databases of materials for research queries, class assignments, or research review
· Provide easy remote access to research and collaboration globally

8. OTHER FEATURES:
1. Add RSS feeds
2. Can add images – if available online, it is better to just include the URL to avoid copyright infringement
.3. “Format Paper and Bibliography” —allows you to download a Word application called Write-N-Cite so that you can insert references from RefWorks.

Electronic Books, Knovel

Electronic Books (Online)
The interface for online books will differ depending on the publisher. Often navigation is by clicking on table of contents links, which can appear in the left frame or elsewhere.

Visit the Knovel Library of Resources at http://www.knovel.com/ . Many reference-type electronic books are avalable through the Knovel Library. Knovel resources are not catalogued separately on IRIS. They are available at the above URL from any computer with a UNL IP address, or from the E-Resources link under K for Knovel. Full text access to the chemistry & chemical engineering, biochemistry, biology, and biotechnology, food science, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics & toiletries collections are available via UNL connection. Some potentially useful titles are:

• Engineering Materials for Biomedical Applications
• Chemistry of Nanostructured Materials
• Perry's chemical engineers' handbook

You can find other full-text online books [e-books] via the Libraries Catalog. From the main screen at http://iris.unl.edu/, Click on Catalog, select E-Formats under "Other Searches:", then “e-books”. Enter a search term and submit.

The most updated version of the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics is now available online. Use the online catalog or the E-Resources screen to access. Other collections of electronic books may be accessed from the "Engineering" Category on the E-Resources screen (Safari, Springer, etc.)

Patent Searching

Among reasons to do patent searching are the following:
1) To find information about an area that is a candidate for a utility (based on usefulness) patent. Often there is an early insight into groundbreaking accomplishments in an area that are not published elsewhere.
2) You have an idea and you want to see if there is a patent out there that is related to your idea. You will want to do a "prior art" search (search for granted patents in the same area). This search can only be considered a complete search if you are searching for all patents in the class(es)/subclass(es) related to your idea.

The United States Patent and Trademark Office Web site <http://www.uspto.gov/> will only provide keyword searching for patents back to the early 1970's. Keyword searching may be appropriate as a method for locating information (1) and may assist the searcher in finding a class/subclass to search (2).

• Try Google Patents for earlier keyword searching. http://www.google.com/patents?hl=en

European Patent Office - Espacenet ep.espacenet.com/ - search European, Japanese, and Worldwide Patents.

World Intellectual Property Organization - portal http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en. PatentScope is the search interface at http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/

• This facility allows you to search 1,369,142 international patent applications
• View the latest information and documents available to the International Bureau.

The UNL Engineering Library is a United States patent and trademark depository library and has access to WEST – the database used by the USPTO patent examiners.

UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE PATENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
http://www.uspto.gov
Three major classifications for utility patents:
(1) General and Mechanical - Examples
• Class 137 Fluid Handling
• Class 198 Conveyors: Power-Driven
• Class 297 Chairs and Seats

(2) Chemical - Examples
• Class 260 Chemistry of Carbon Compounds
• Class 435 Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology

(3) Electrical - Examples
• Class 363 Electric Power Conversion Systems
• Class 369 Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval
• Class 455 TelecommunicationsIndex to the U.S. Patent Classification System
http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspcindex/indextouspc.htm

Manual of Patent Classification http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/

Business and Economics resources

BUSINESS SOURCE PREMIER. Covers periodicals in the field of business and management.

• Many citations are linked to full text that comes with the article index subscription.
• Full text links to HTML or PDF.
• From the search results screen, the link to access options is “WebBridge”.
• RefWorks: Add items to folder, click on “Folder has items”, select them again, then click “Export”. Select the “Direct Export to RefWorks button, then click “Save”.

LEXIS NEXIS STATISTICAL (Statistical Universe) indexes and abstracts printed federal, state, and international statistical publications as well as selected business and professional publications containing statistics.

• Approximately 15% of the federal statistical publications are available in full text.

STAT USA provides access to approximately 3,000 statistical publications including economic and trade related records

Lifelong Learning Resources

SCHOLARLY RESOURCES AND INDEXES AVAILABLE ONLINE THAT ARE USEFUL TO THE PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

• GoogleScholar – indexes scholarly information, including many scholarly journals. http://scholar.google.com/
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• Organization Web sites – professional organization to which you belong. See summary at http://unlenglibraryblog.blogspot.com/

• USPTO Web site http://www.uspto.gov/ United States patent and trademark information.

• European, Japanese, and other patents - http://ep.espacenet.com/

• National Library of Medicine’s PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi RSS feeds can be used for automatic tracking and updating of search results. You can also save searches on the NLM server and set up email alerts when new journals are published or new articles are published on a specified subject.

• Institutional Repositories – many educational and governmental entities keep an archive of scholarly work produced by their personnel. Read “Institutional Repositories: Hidden Treasures” in Information Today, October 31, 2005 at : http://www.infotoday.com/searcher/may04/drake.shtml. Access through individual university Web sites. Many are indexed by Google/Google Scholar or use ROAR http://roar.eprints.org/, click on "Content Search".

• Government technical reports and other information are available through agency Web sites, such as http://epa.gov, http://energy.gov/.

• Research data freely available online. For example,
o Center for International Earth Science Information Network http://www.ciesin.org
o NASA’s Global Change Master Directory http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/
o Map and Biosphere Program http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/usamab/
o National Biological Information Infrastructure Program http://www.nbii.gov
o Syracuse Research Corporation’s Environmental Fate Database http://www.syrres.com/esc/efdb.htm
o StreamNet Project of the Columbia River Basin, StreamNet Library http://www.fishlib.org/

Read more information available about these data resources in Online Ecological and Environmental Data, Virginia Baldwin, ed. The Haworth Information Press, 2004.

OTHER ACCESS OPTIONS

• Corporate Library subscriptions.
• Many University Library subscriptions and resources are available to the public by going to the library and making use of them. Some, such as SciFinder Scholar are restricted to use only by UNL affiliates.
• Articles not freely available to you online may be purchased or obtained through InterLibrary Loan from your area public library.

SET UP EMAIL ALERTS OR RSS FEEDS with your favorite journals so that you will automatically get an email or a feed with the table of contents whenever a new issue is published.